The Pragmatic Paradigmatic Divide

We summarise below the main differences between the classical defunct Athenian Societal Paradigm with the timely ever lasting Islamic one, which proved unyielding and led us to a thwarted impasse.

V. On Harmonizing the Athenian Democracy with the Societal Islamic Paradigm (SIP)!!!!!!!

V.1 Preliminary Methodological considerations

The central question we address in these essays, is whether Democracy as exemplified by the practice of Athenians in the 5th and fourth centuries BC, is compatible or is at odds with Islamic Shuracracy?

III.1 Preliminary considerations

The description of Athenian democracy by Pericles  in part IV of this study brings out the following remarks, seen in juxtaposition with their parallels in Shuracracy

2) The Athenian System of Government

Athens, with which we will be concerned here, to portray its kind democracy, was one of the hallmarks of GREEK CIVILIZATION.

The crucial moment that brought it to the forefront of history, happened some 2500 years or so after the World has witnessed the mushrooming big city-states in the Fertile Crescent, encompassing; Mesopotamia, Syria, Lebanon and  Egypt, nicknamed for good reasons; "The Cradle of Civilization". These early Levantine city-states becoming, after being dominated altogether, by some mighty foreign rulers, part of a big imperial powers.